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The Indian Crafts Foundation of Ontario came into being in early 1970 after more than a year of correspondence and planning. Its headquarters were in Toronto and included a staff of executive director and secretary plus a number of part-time craft teachers, buyers and others maintaining contact with native groups throughout the province. The aim of the Foundation was to encourage high-quality craft production by native peoples and to enable the marketing of those crafts. The Foundation experienced financial problems which led to its dissolution in 1973.

Jamaican Self-Help (Peterborough) was a registered charitable organization founded in Peterborough, Ontario in 1978 by teachers Rosemary and John Ganley. Registered in 1980, JSH (Peterborough) operated under the slogan "empowering people and building community” and was part of a larger organization of Canadians "working in solidarity to foster the development of healthy Jamaican communities through partnership based on mutual respect, understanding and a shared vision of self-determination; and foster an understanding of global forces North and South and their interconnectedness." (taken from: https://www.canadahelps.org/en/charities/jamaican-self-help/). Over its 43-year history, JSH (Peterborough) was concerned with issues of racism, colonialism, poverty and other matters which it addressed through its educational activities; it had numerous ties to other local and international agencies and organizations and links to Trent University through faculty and students. JSH closed its Peterborough office in 2016. The organization continued on a volunteer basis until closing permanently in 2021.

Cobourg is located in Hamilton Township, in the United Counties of Northumberland and Durham, on the north shore of Lake Ontario. The area was first settled in 1798 by Elias Nicholson who built his home within the limits of what was to become the town plot. Originally called Amherst, Cobourg has also been known by the names of Hamilton and Hardscrabble. In 1819, the developing town was given the name Cobourg. The post office was established by 1831 and the first postmaster was prominent businessman and merchant James G. Bethune. Cobourg was incorporated as a village in 1837 and incorporated as a town in 1850. (taken from "Illustrated Historical Atlas of Northumberland and Durham Counties, Ontario." Belleville: Mika Silk Screening Ltd., 1972.; and Guillet, E.C. "Cobourg 17798-1948." Oshawa: Goodfellow Printing Comapny Limited, 1948.)

Unknown.

Cooper & Beatty, Limited was founded in 1921 by E. Cooper, L. Beatty and J.L. Pepper using the name Trade Composition Company. When Pepper left in 1926 the company was renamed to Cooper & Beatty. Until the Second World War it was essentially a trade typesetting company. In 1950 W.E. "Jack" Trevett acquired the company. Trevett shifted the focus to graphic design, for which Cooper & Beatty became known as one of the leading companies in the field. In 1964 the Trent University crest, as well as Trent's stationary and publications, were designed by Cooper & Beatty's designer, A. Crawford. In 1986 the company was sold to Jannock Corporation and although greatly reduced in size today, continues to operate under the name of Cooper & Beatty Services Ltd.

The Council of Ontario Universities was formed December 3, 1962 with the original name of the "Committee of Presidents of Provincially Assisted Universities and Colleges of Ontario". A formal constitution was first adopted December 9, 1966 under the name of "Committee of President of Universities of Ontario/Comite des Presidents d'Universite de l'Ontario". The constitution was amended on January 18, 1968; April 26, 1968; March 13, 1970 and April 16, 1971 at which point the name of the governing body was changed to the Council of Ontario Universities/Conseil des Universites de l'Ontario (effective May 1, 1971). The objectives of the Council are to promote cooperation among the provincially assisted universities of Ontario, and between them and the Government of the Province to work for the improvement of higher education for the people of Ontario. The people who are eligible to sit on the Council or belong to the membership are executive heads of provincially assisted universities in Ontario which grant university degrees (one colleague, elected to membership by the senior academic body of each institution). Other organizations and associations may be affliated with the council. The Council meets a minimum of twice a year and any committees formed through the Council meet when necessary. (Taken from: "Council of Ontario Universities Review 1975-76 to 1977-78 An Uncertain Future." Toronto.)

Cramahe Township, located in the United Counties of Northumberland and Durham, is bounded on the north by Percy Township, on the south by Lake Ontario, on the east by Brighton Township, and on the west by Halimand Township. Joseph Keeler was the first settler to the Cramahe Township region, coming from Rutland, Vermont, about 1789. In 1793, Keeler brought 40 settlers to the area and built a saw mill, a grist mill, a carding and woolen mill, an oil well and a distillery, all located near the mouth of Keeler's Creek, which was later to become Port Colborne. Joseph Keeler's son, Jospeh A. Keeler was the founder of the village of Colborne, which was later incorporated in 1859. Joseph A. was a merchant, postmaster and Justice of the Peace. Overall, like his father, Joseph A. was an extremely important member of the growing community. In 1815, the post office was established in Colborne. Lumber and grain were the chief exports of Cramahe Township. Two wharves, located at Port Colborne and Port Cramahe, provided links for the transportion of goods to the United States. By 1861, the population had grown to 3,041 made up largely of Native Peoples. The remainder of the population were settlers of English, Irish, Scottish, and American origin.

The Meteorological Service of Canada, established in 1871, was a national program for the official recording and observation of climate in Canada. The program was renamed the Atmospheric Environment Service in 1970. The service provides historical, current and predictive meteorological data, and sea and state ice information for all areas of Canada and adjacent waters to various departments of the government, primarily Transport and National Defence. It also provides weather forecasting to the general public.

The Township of Cavan, located in the United Counties of Northumberland and Durham (previously Durham County), was first surveyed in 1817 by Samuel G. Wilmot (who also surveyed North Monaghan and Smith Townships). The land which was to become Cavan Township was virgin forest, untouched by Europeans, and no longer considered Indigenous territory. Wilmot was assisted by John Deyell, who, with James Deyell were two of the first settlers in Cavan Township. They established a mill on a brook in 1824, and as a result, were the founders of the village of Millbrook. John Deyell was also responsible for the name of the township, Cavan County, being a neighbour of Monaghan County, the County in Ireland from whence he came. Cavan Township was settled quite quickly. The same year it was surveyed, 115 lots were ticketed. By the next year, 1818, a further 160 lots were ticketed. The total population of the township in 1819 was 244. Many of the pioneer settlers of the new township were either military men who were given land grants for their services in the War of 1812, or Irish emigrants, many who were from County Cavan in Ireland. In 1825, the population reached 936; ten years later, in 1835, the population had more than doubled to 2,575. Cavan continued grow, and its population peaked in 1861, at 4,901.

The National and Provincial Parks Association of Canada (NPPAC) was founded in 1963 and is dedicated to preserving Canada's natural heritage. It is an educational non-profit organization and provides the public with information regarding the status of Canada's parks. It is specifically involved with park and wildland protection. In 1986, NPPAC underwent a name change and became the Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society (CPAWS).

Lakefield Heritage became Lakefield Heritage Research in 1990. The research organization is based out of Lakefield, Ontario. Gordon Young, the editor at Lakefield Heritage Research, has contributed a great deal to this collection. Other researchers in this organization include Steve McCracken and Kevin McCarthy.

Born out of the Canadian Commonwealth Federation (1932-1960) the New Democratic Party originated in 1961. It is a party which aims to represent the working class and unions of Canada in politics. It is a socialist party advocating the democratic left instead of right wing politics.

In 1792, the United Counties of Northumberland and Durham, in the District of Newcastle, were officially created in a proclamation made by Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe. The proclamation divided Upper Canada in 19 Counties for representation purposes. The United Counties are bounded by Lake Ontario in the south, Hasting County in the east, Ontario County in the west and Peterborough and Victoria Counties in the north. The town line between Hope and Hamilton Townships divide the two counties. Durham County consists of the Townships of Cartwright, Manvers, Cavan, Darlington, Clarke and Hope. Northumberland County consists of South Monaghan, Hamilton, Haldimand, Alnwick, Percy, Cramahe, Seymour, Brighton and Murray Townships. (Taken from: "Illustrated Historical Atlas of Northumberland and Durham Counties, Ontario." Belleville: Mika Silk Screening Limited, 1972.)

The Ontario Advisory Committee on Confederation (O.A.C.C.) was established in 1965. Ian Macdonald (chief economist of the Department of Economics and Development) was named chairman. The principal function of the Committee was to advise the Ontario government concerning its relationship with other provincial governments and the federal government in the area on constitutional requirements. A Globe and Mail article entitled "Confederation Committee Terms Set Out" stated that "The Premier [John Robarts] said future requirements for the province in connection with British North America must by studied. Certain goals and objections in the fields of biculturalism or multiculturalism and bilingualism must be attained."

Lubicon Lake Cree Indian Band resides near Lubicon Lake in Northern Alberta, away from the Athabasca and Peace River systems and populated posts. They lived quietly as a hunting and trapping society until the 1970's when the push for fossil fuels came into force in Alberta. A treaty, called Treaty 8, was sent out in 1899/1900 to adhere the natives in the entire area but it missed the Lubicon Lake Band because they were so isolated. The Band contends that they do not have to adhere to this Treaty since they had never done so before. They are fighting with the federal government for recognition and a separate treaty. Unfortunately the push for fossil fuels by the Alberta government and others has invaded the traditional hunting and trapping grounds of the Lubicon Lake Band and as a result they are struggling to retain their way of life. (Taken from: Myers, Kenneth Murray. "The Struggle for a Way of Life: The History of the the Lubicon Lake Cree Land Claim (1899-1989)." 1990) As of September 1996 the land claim dispute has not been settled.

Ontario County derived its name from Lake Ontario. It is bounded on the south by the Lake and has three harbours: Whitby, Oshawa and Frenchman's Bay. It received its municipal status January 1, 1854. Before then it was part of York County. In 1851, by proclamation, York, Ontario and Peel Counties were made the United Counties of York, Ontario and Peel. In 1852 Ontario broke away from the United Counties to form its own separate county. Peter Perry, an early settler and prominent citizen of Whitby, was instrumental in the separation. The county has two ridings: North and South Ontario. The townships within Ontario County's borders are: Whitby (and the town of Whitby), East Whitby, Pickering, Uxbridge (and the village of Uxbridge), Rama, Scugog, Thorah, Scott, Brock, Mara and Reach. There are also the villages of Port Perry, Cannington and Oshawa, which was the first village in the county. (Taken from: The Illustrated Historical Atlas of Ontario County, Ontario. Belleville: Mika Silk Screening Ltd., 1972.)

The 1986 Ontario Summer Games were held in Peterborough, Ontario from July 17th to 20th. The Games are a provincial festival of sports specifically designed to promote the healthy development of amateur sports across Ontario. In the 1986 games, there were approximately 2000 participants involved in 19 different sporting events. The events ranged from baseball, basketball, softball, volleyball, cricket, track and field, lacrosse, field hockey and rugby to sailing, canoeing, waterskiing, cycling, rifle target shooting and lawn bowling. Most of the funding for the Games came from the provincial government, namely from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

The Ontario Temperance Federation operated at 39 Davenport Road in Toronto during the 1950s. It produced pamphlets and advertising in the form of posters, films and lectures on the effects of alcohol on people. It reproduced newspapers, articles and letters in order to put across the message that alcohol was a disruptive influence in a person's life. The Federation targeted religious groups, schools and social groups. The Federation originated out of the early temperance societies of the 1800s and the prohibition groups of the 1920s. It produced "The Temperance Advocate," a newsletter aimed at educating the public on the effects of alcohol on a person's intellectual and motor skills.

This Opera House was located on George Street in Peterborough, Ontario, on the site of the Odeon Theatre.

In 1795, the Protestant Orange Order was formed at Loughgall, County Armagh, Ireland, to commemorate the victory of William of Orange at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. The immediate aim of the Orange Order was to protect the local Protestant community from Catholic aggression, but the organization quickly assumed the larger role of defending the Protestant Ascendency in the Government of Ireland. Within the next five years, Orange Lodges had sprung up across the Protestant sectors of Ireland and in the industrial centres of England. As well, the movement had spread across the Atlantic with the emigration of Irish settlers. The first Grand Lodge of British North America was founded in Brockville, Upper Canada, January 1, 1830, by Ogle R. Gowan. By 1835, there were 154 Orange Lodges in British North America. Orangeism had arrived in Upper Canada at the beginning of the 19th century, but the history of the Orange Order is unclear until 1830. For many pioneer men, the Orange Lodge was more of a social organization than a religious organization. It was not necessary, as it was in Ireland, for the lodge to act in a protective manner against the aggression of Catholics. The Orange Lodge provided its members with a sense of fraternity, loyalty, convivality, identity, and continuity. This was important to the early pioneers who had settled in the region, as feelings of isolation and dislocation were common. Orangemen had pass words and secret signs of recognition for each other. Also, an Orangeman could advance through several levels based on his stature and competence within the organization: the Orange, the Blue, the Royal Arch Purple, the Scarlet, and the Black Knight. Orange Lodges were quickly established in the Peterborough region between 1830 and 1833 due to the settlement of large numbers of Irish Protestant emigrants. Later, the British and Scottish settlers in the region would join the lodge. Orangeism remained strong in Ontario over the following 160 years, and in the City of Peterborough, an Orange Hall still exists. (Taken from: Houston, Cecil J. and William Smyth. The Sash Canada Wore. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980.)

In 1795, the Protestant Orange Order was formed at Loughgall, County Armagh, Ireland, to commemorate the victory of William of Orange at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. The immediate aim of the Orange Order was to protect the local Protestant community from Catholic aggression, but the organization quickly assumed the larger role of defending the Protestant Ascendency in the Government of Ireland. Within the next five years, Orange Lodges had sprung up across the Protestant sectors of Ireland and in the industrial centres of England. As well, the movement had spread across the Atlantic with the emigration of Irish settlers. The first Grand Lodge of British North America was founded in Brockville, Upper Canada, January 1, 1830, by Ogle R. Gowan. By 1835, there were 154 Orange Lodges in British North America. Orangeism had arrived in Upper Canada at the beginning of the 19th century, but the history of the Orange Order is unclear until 1830. For many pioneer men, the Orange Lodge was more of a social organization than a religious organization. It was not necessary, as it was in Ireland, for the lodge to act in a protective manner against the aggression of Catholics. The Orange Lodge provided its members with a sense of fraternity, loyalty, conviviality, identity, and continuity. This was important to the early pioneers who had settled in the region, as feelings of isolation and dislocation were common. Orangemen had pass words and secret signs of recognition for each other. Also, an Orangeman could advance through several levels based on his stature and competence within the organization: the Orange, the Blue, the Royal Arch Purple, the Scarlet, and the Black Knight. Orange Lodges were quickly established in the Peterborough region between 1830 and 1833 due to the settlement of large numbers of Irish Protestant emigrants. Later, the British and Scottish settlers in the region would join the lodge. Orangeism remained strong in Ontario over the following 160 years, and in the City of Peterborough, an Orange Hall still exists. (Taken from: Houston, Cecil J. and William J. Smyth. The Sash Canada Wore. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980.)

In 1795, the Protestant Orange Order was formed at Loughgall, County Armagh, Ireland, to commemorate the victory of Wiiliam of Orange at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. The immediate aim of the Orange Order was to protect the local Protestant community from Catholic aggression, but the organization quickly assumed the larger role of defending the Protestant Ascendency in the Government of Ireland. Within the next five years, Orange Lodges had sprung up across the Protestant sectors of Ireland and in the industrial centres of England. As well, the movement had spread across the Atlantic with the emigration of Irish settlers. The first Grand Lodge of British North America was founded in Brockville, Upper Canada, January 1, 1830, by Ogle R. Gowan. By 1835, there were 154 Orange Lodges in British North America. Orangeism had arrived in Upper Canada at the beginning of the 19th century, but the history of the Orange Order is unclear until 1830. For many pioneer men, the Orange Lodge was more of a social organization than a religious organization. It was not necessary, as it was in Ireland, for the lodge to act in a protective manner against the aggression of Catholics. The Orange Lodge provided its members with a sense of fraternity, loyalty, conviviality, identity, and continuity. This was important to the early pioneers who had settled in the region, as feelings of isolation and dislocation were common. Orangemen had pass words and secret signs of recognition for each other. Also, an orangeman could advance through several levels based on his stature and competence within the organization: the Orange, the Blue, the Royal Arch Purple, the Scarlet, and the Black Knight. Orange Lodges were quickly established in the Peterborough region between 1830 and 1833 due to the settlement of large numbers of Irish Protestant emigrants. Later, the British and Scottish settlers in the region would join the lodge. Orangeism remained strong in Ontario over the following 160 years, and in the City of Peterborough, an Orange Hall still exists. (Taken from: Houston, Cecil J. and William J. Smyth. The Sash Canada Wore. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980.)

In 1795, the Protestant Orange Order was formed at Loughgall, County Armagh, Ireland, to commemorate the victory of William of Orange at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. The immediate aim of the Orange Order was to protect the local Protestant community from Catholic aggression, but the organization quickly assumed the larger role of defending the Protestant Ascendency in the Government of Ireland. Within the next five years, Orange Lodges had sprung up across the Protestant sectors of Ireland and in the industrial centres of England. As well, the movement had spread across the Atlantic with the emigration of Irish settlers. The first Grand Lodge of British North America was founded in Brockville, Upper Canada, January 1, 1830, by Ogle R. Gowan. By 1835, there were 154 Orange Lodges in British North America. Orangeism had arrived in Upper Canada at the beginning of the 19th century, but the history of the Orange Order is unclear until 1830. For many pioneer men, the Orange Lodge was more of a social organization than a religious organization. It was not necessary, as it was in Ireland, for the lodge to act in a protective manner against the aggression of Catholics. The Orange Lodge provided its members with a sense of fraternity, loyalty, conviviality, identity, and continuity. This was important to the early pioneers who had settled in the region, as feelings of isolation and dislocation were common. Orangemen had pass words and secret signs of recognition for each other. Also, an Orangeman could advance through several levels based on his stature and competence within the organization: the Orange, the Blue, the Royal Arch Purple, the Scarlet, and the Black Knight. Orange Lodges were quickly established in the Peterborough region between 1830 and 1833 due to the settlement of large numbers of Irish Protestant emigrants. Later, the British and Scottish settlers in the region would join the lodge. Orangeism remained strong in Ontario over the following 160 years, and in the City of Peterborough, an Orange Hall still exists. (Taken from: Houston, Cecil J. and William J. Smyth. The Sash Canada Wore. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980.)

In 1795, the Protestant Orange Order was formed at Loughgall, County Armagh, Ireland, to commemorate the victory of William of Orange at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690. The immediate aim of the Orange Order was to protect the local Protestant community from Catholic aggression, but the organization quickly assumed the larger role of defending the Protestant Ascendency in the Government of Ireland. Within the next five years, Orange Lodges had sprung up across the Protestant sectors of Ireland and in the industrial centres of England. As well, the movement had spread across the Atlantic with the emigration of Irish settlers. The first Grand Lodge of British North America was founded in Brockville, Upper Canada, January 1, 1830, by Ogle R. Gowan. By 1835, there were 154 Orange Lodges in British North America. Orangeism had arrived in Upper Canada at the beginning of the 19th century, but the history of the Orange Order is unclear until 1830. For many pioneer men, the Orange Lodge was more of a social organization than a religious organization. It was not necessary, as it was in Ireland, for the lodge to act in a protective manner against the aggression of Catholics. The Orange Lodge provided its members with a sense of fraternity, loyalty, conviviality, identity, and continuity. This was important to the early pioneers who had settled in the region, as feelings of isolation and dislocation were common. Orangemen had pass words and secret signs of recognition for each other. Also, an Orangeman could advance through several levels based on his stature and competence within the organization: the Orange, the Blue, the Royal Arch Purple, the Scarlet, and the Black Knight. Orange Lodges were quickly established in the Peterborough region between 1830 and 1833 due to the settlement of large numbers of Irish Protestant emigrants. Later, the British and Scottish settlers in the region would join the lodge. Orangeism remained strong in Ontario over the following 160 years, and in the City of Peterborough, an Orange Hall still exists. (Taken from The Sash Canada Wore by Cecil J. Houston and William J. Smyth. University of Toronto Press, 1980.)