In 1948, the camp at Bark Lake was started as a wilderness camp for boys and was financed through the government of Ontario. In 1953, girls were admitted, and the camp operated in July for girls, and in August for boys. In 1969 the Leadership Camp was established to teach youth leadership skills. The camp was later closed [1993].
The Ontario Advisory Committee on Confederation (O.A.C.C.) was established in 1965. Ian Macdonald (chief economist of the Department of Economics and Development) was named chairman. The principal function of the Committee was to advise the Ontario government concerning its relationship with other provincial governments and the federal government in the area on constitutional requirements. A Globe and Mail article entitled "Confederation Committee Terms Set Out" stated that "The Premier [John Robarts] said future requirements for the province in connection with British North America must by studied. Certain goals and objections in the fields of biculturalism or multiculturalism and bilingualism must be attained."
John Northway was born on August 17, 1848, at Leat, near Lifton, England, the eldest son of Thomas Neathern Northway and Grace Doidge. In 1868, John left England for New York, where he was soon relieved of his watch and money. Disenchanted, he made his way to Canada, and went to work for a tailor in Embro, Ontario. From this inauspicious beginning, Northway became a merchant, manufacturer and financier with partnerships throughout the province and investments throughout the continent. Having achieved success, Northway sent his children to the best schools, and provided for them the formal education he had never received. John Northway founded two main companies: The Northway Company Limited, and John Northway and Son Limited. Upon his death in 1926, leadership of these two firms fell to his sons, A. Garfield and John A. respectively, under whose direction expansion and later retraction was carried out. The factory, begun in 1896 to supply the companies, was closed down in 1930. John Northway and Sons Limited came to have three stores in Toronto, and one each in Hamilton and Stratford. In 1957, this company bought the Brantford outlet of the Northway Company Limited, which A.G. Northway, who foresaw no successor, had been gradually disposing of. In January 1960, A.G. Northway died, and The Northway Company Limited was put into voluntary liquidation by its directors. In November 1960, the directors of John Northway and Sons Limited sold the company to outside interests. It has since disappeared.
The North West Company was a major force in the fur trade between the 1780's and 1821. The Company was formed by Highland Scots, Loyalists and Canadian labourers. Montreal traders pooled their resources to reduce competition amongst themselves and to resist the advances being made by the Hudson's Bay Company. In 1783 and 1784 the North West Company was formally organized with the Frobisher brothers and Simon McTavish holding the controlling shares. The annual trade at this time was approximately 100 000 pounds. Their rivals included the Hudson's Bay Company and Gregory, McLeod and Company. In mid-1787 the Nor'westors and Gregory and McLeod amalgamated, with the Frobishers and McTavish running the business from Montreal, while Alexander MacKenzie led their inland expansion. By 1795 the Nor'westers had another strong rival in the New North West Company or XY Company. The two Companies merged in 1804. In 1821 a parliamentary Act granted the Hudson's Bay Company; and William and Simon McGillivray and Edward Ellice of the North West Company, the exclusive trading rights with Britain. The Companies effectively worked together and expanded their fur trading enterprises together without the competition. (Taken from: "The Canadian Encyclopedia." Edmonton: Hurtig Publishers, 1985.)
North Monaghan is the smallest township in the County of Peterborough. It is bounded on the north by the township of Smith, on the south by the County of Northumberland, on the west by Cavan township (County of Durham), and on the east by the Otonabee River. The Township was first surveyed by Samuel Wilmot in 1817 and settlement began the same year. In 1818, Wilmot wrote to the surveyor general, suggesting that lots 14, 15, and 16 on concession 13 be reserved as a site for a village. This site became the village of Peterborough and remained as such until January 1, 1850, when it was officially severed from North Monaghan and incorporated as the Town of Peterborough. As a result, North Monaghan lost 350 families (2,100 persons), and numerous businesses, industries, shops and services. In the 1852 census return, the number of householders left in North Monaghan totalled 100. The only village which remained in the township was Springville which is situated on the boundary of North Monaghan and Cavan townships. Due to North Monaghan's close proximity with the town of Peterborough and Cavan township, there was never a need to re-build the resources which were lost to Peterborugh in 1850, and today, North Monaghan township is very much a "suburb" of the City of Peterborough.
The Newcastle District Loan Company of Upper Canada operated in the early 1800's. It's president was George Hall and its' currency was in pounds and shillings. It was one of the nine district banks which was not granted a charter in 1860's.
In 1792, the United Counties of Northumberland and Durham, in the District of Newcastle, were officially created in a proclamation made by Lieutenant-Governor John Graves Simcoe. The proclamation divided Upper Canada in 19 Counties for representation purposes. The United Counties are bounded by Lake Ontario in the south, Hasting County in the east, Ontario County in the west and Peterborough and Victoria Counties in the north. The town line between Hope and Hamilton Townships divide the two counties. Durham County consists of the Townships of Cartwright, Manvers, Cavan, Darlington, Clarke and Hope. Northumberland County consists of South Monaghan, Hamilton, Haldimand, Alnwick, Percy, Cramahe, Seymour, Brighton and Murray Townships. (Taken from: "Illustrated Historical Atlas of Northumberland and Durham Counties, Ontario." Belleville: Mika Silk Screening Limited, 1972.)
The New Left Movement was an international movement of the 1960's which consisted of mainly youth and students. The Movement originated in the 1950's "Ban the Bomb" movement. The New Left Movement dealt with such topics as the Vietnam War, Third World liberation issues and Women's liberation movement etc. The New Left Movement criticised the Old Left. They felt that there should be local control of the political process, accessibility to political and social institutions. They advocated confrontations with modern capitalism by dissident intelligentsia, the poor, natives and ethnic minorities. In Canada, issues raised were nuclear disarmament, community organization, separatism, and sexual inequality. The Movement broke apart in the 1970's. (Taken from: "The Canadian Encyclopedia." Vol. II. Edmonton: Hurting Publishers.)
Born out of the Canadian Commonwealth Federation (1932-1960) the New Democratic Party originated in 1961. It is a party which aims to represent the working class and unions of Canada in politics. It is a socialist party advocating the democratic left instead of right wing politics.
The Neathern Trust was established by Dr. Mary Louise Northway. In 1960 Mary Northway decided to give some thought and study the possibility of establishing a charitable trust and hence a draft trust was prepared. The reasoning behind the draft was for Mary to decide whether a Trust was wise idea, or not, to commit her capital. The Neathern Trust was established on an informal basis with J.R.M. Wilson, John Hodgson and Joan Hodgson as Trustees and Jean B. Quinn as the secretary-treasurer. The Trustees met with Mary to select charitable purposes that they thought were worthy of support. Mary then put sufficient funds into a bank account and arrangements for payment were made by Jean Quinn. In 1963 Mary Northway decided to go ahead with the Trust Proper and the Trust Instrument was revised. Howard Kelley of the National Trust was brought in as a Trustee with the intention to use the National Trust as an agent for the Trustees. The draft Trust Instrument was approved by the Department of National Revenue in June, 1964 and in July, 1964 the Trust Instrument was executed with the first funds being transferred to the Trust by Mary Northway. At this point the Trustees invited Joan W. Hodgson, Flora Morrison, Dr. W.E. Blatz, Dr. J.A. Ebbs and D. Oucherlony as the advisory committee. Jean Quinn remained as secretary. The decision to meet quarterly before the advisory committee met was made. The fund itself was to have $20 000.00 in Canada Bonds and $13 430.00 in cash from Mary Northway as a capital contribution and not as income of the Trust. Part of the monies which Mary Northway donated to the Neathern Trust were invested into securities. Some of the projects which the Neathern Trust undertook were: building two barbeques at the Mill of Kintail, counselling education, Cardiology Department of Sick Children's Hospital, Pre-School Parent Centre in Toronto, Harbour Island Nursery Supervisor's Salary, support of a Thailand student, Huntsville Nature Club Library and many, many more.
The Friendship Centre movement grew from the local level initiatives of groups and individuals who helped natives cope with life in urban centres from the 1950's. Formal funding for the Centres at the Federal level of the Secretary of State began in 1972 with the Migrating Native People's program. The name of the program was changed to the Native Friendship Centre Program in 1982. The National Association of Friendship Centres itself was established in 1972. It is a non-political, non-profit organization. It has a four-person executive committee elected each year at the Annual General Meeting attended by delegates from the provincial-territorial associations and individual friendship centres. The NAFC coordinates funding and acts as central information liason between the Secretary of State and other government bodies and the provincial-territorial associations.
The National and Provincial Parks Association of Canada (NPPAC) was founded in 1963 and is dedicated to preserving Canada's natural heritage. It is an educational non-profit organization and provides the public with information regarding the status of Canada's parks. It is specifically involved with park and wildland protection. In 1986, NPPAC underwent a name change and became the Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society (CPAWS).
The Sisters of St. Joseph in Peterborough were formed from various congregations in Ontario during the year of 1890. They had been requested to leave their congregations, by Bishop R.A. O'Connor, to fill a need in services which were not being provided in Peterborough such as the care of the sick. When the Sisters arrived in Peterborough they were to work at the newly opened St. Joseph's Hospital. The Sisters helped with the care of the elderly with a senior's home called Marycrest. They established an orphanage called St. Vincent's Orphanage and which operated from 1909 to 1956. For more information on the history of Mount St. Joseph see As the Tree Grows: Celebrating 100 years of the Sisters of St. Joseph of Peterborough, 1890-1990 (Lindsay, Ontario: John Deyell Company Limited, 1993).
Moscrip, Allan & Company sold hardware, machinery, and farm equipment to several businesses and individuals in the Peterborough County and United Counties of Northumberland and Durham area during the years 1853-1867.
In 1840, three Wesleyan Methodist Missionaries were sent from England, to Moose Factory, to bring the Gospel to the Indians of the region. Reverend George Barnley, one of the three missionaries, made the fort at Moose Factory the centre of his eight year ministry, where he built St. Thomas Church (later St. Thomas Anglican Church). When this mission was closed by the Methodists in 1848, it was vacant for several years before the Church Missionary Society of the Church of England sent Reverend John Horden to Moose Factory in 1851. He later became the first Bishop of the diocese of Moosonee in 1872. He died in Moosonee in 1893.
Millbrook is situated in Cavan Township in East Durham County of Ontario. The first settler was John Deyell who established a mill on a brook and hence the name of the Village; Millbrook. (Taken from: Brief History of Cavan Township and Millbrook Village from the year 1816 to 1837. Millbrook: Mirror Reporter Print, 1937.)
Millbrook is situated in Cavan Township in East Durham County of Ontario. The first settler was John Deyell who established a mill on a brook and hence the name of the Village: Millbrook. (Taken from: Brief History of Cavan Township and Millbrook Village from the year 1816 to 1837. Millbrook: Mirror Reporter Print, 1937.)
The Township of Cavan, located in the United Counties of Northumberland and Durham (previously Durham County), was first surveyed in 1817 by Samuel G. Wilmot (who also surveyed North Monaghan and Smith Townships). The land which was to become Cavan Township was virgin forest, untouched by Europeans, and no longer considered Indigenous territory. Wilmot was assisted by John Deyell, who, with James Deyell were two of the first settlers in Cavan Township. They established a mill on a brook in 1824, and as a result, were the founders of the village of Millbrook. John Deyell was also responsible for the name of the township, Cavan County, being a neighbour of Monaghan County, the County in Ireland from whence he came. Cavan Township was settled quite quickly. The same year it was surveyed, 115 lots were ticketed. By the next year, 1818, a further 160 lots were ticketed. The total population of the township in 1819 was 244. Many of the pioneer settlers of the new township were either military men who were given land grants for their services in the War of 1812, or Irish emigrants, many who were from County Cavan in Ireland. In 1825, the population reached 936; ten years later, in 1835, the population had more than doubled to 2,575. Cavan continued grow, and its population peaked in 1861, at 4,901.
The Millbrook and Cavan Historical Society was established November 24, 1978. The reason for forming the Historical Society was to try and save the old mill for which Millbrook was named after. The society helped mark the 100th birthday of Millbrook village with a historical display at the Masonic Lodge. They produced a four-page tabloid entitled "Millbrook Messenger" after an early newspaper. The tabloid contained articles of historical interest with photographs of the railway station, the Deyell monument, the fire of 1960 and three of the several mills in the Village. The Society helped organize Historical House tours in the township. In 1985 the Millbrook and Cavan Historical Society received a Heritage Award. In 1990 the Society produced and published "This Green and Pleasant Land: Chronicles of Cavan Township". Not only does the Historical Society provide a source of fundraising for historical projects it also acquires, preserves and makes available for research historical items and artifacts from quilts to furniture and from wills, deeds, debentures to marriage and birth certificates, photographs, diaries and other records. (Taken from: This Green and Pleasant Land: Chronicles of Cavan Township. The Millbrook and Cavan Historical Society, 1990.)
The Meteorological Service of Canada, established in 1871, was a national program for the official recording and observation of climate in Canada. The program was renamed the Atmospheric Environment Service in 1970. The service provides historical, current and predictive meteorological data, and sea and state ice information for all areas of Canada and adjacent waters to various departments of the government, primarily Transport and National Defence. It also provides weather forecasting to the general public.
Meta Incognita was a project initiated to bring new light to the Arctic voyages of Martin Frobisher and to show the significance of these voyages for the histories of North America and Britain. With the guidance of the Meta Incognita Project Steering Committee, an Archival Research Task Force (ARTAF) researched archival documents in Britain and Europe and compiled their research into a two volume publication Meta Incognita: A Discourse of Discovery: Martin Frobisher's Arctic Expeditions, 1576-1578. The publication was edited by the chair of the Steering Committee, Professor Thomas H.B. Symons, and was published in 1999. (Taken from Meta Incognita: A Discourse of Discovery: Martin Frobisher's Arctic Expeditions, 1576-1578. Vol. 1. Canadian Museum of Civilization, 1999).
